🔄 文法ジャンル別の解き方
TOEIC Part5「受動態」の解き方と頻出パターン｜練習10問つき
受動態の問題は、主語が動作をする側か、される側かを判断する問題です。主語が物で、空所の後ろに目的語がなければ受動態の可能性が高いと考えます。
解き方のポイント
- 主語が動作を受ける → be + 過去分詞（The meeting was postponed.）
- 空所の後ろに目的語（名詞）があれば能動、なければ受動を疑う
- be expected to / be required to / be scheduled to は受動の定番
- 時制との組み合わせ：has been + 過去分詞、will be + 過去分詞
- 進行形の受動態：is being + 過去分詞（今まさに〜されている）
ひっかけ注意
- 自動詞（arrive, occur, happen, rise）は受動態にならない
- 第4文型の受動態：was given a prize（目的語が残っても受動）
- be located / be situated（位置している）は受動の形で使う
例文で確認
| The conference is scheduled to begin at 9 A.M. | be scheduled to |
| The renovation has been completed ahead of schedule. | 完了 + 受動 |
| Sales rose sharply last quarter. | rise は自動詞 → 受動にしない |
練習問題（10問）
選択肢をタップすると正解がわかります。動画では先生が解答と解説をしてくれます。
Q1. The workshop was so popular that additional sessions ___ next month.
答えと解説を見る
正解: A) will be held
The subject 'additional sessions' is the thing being 'held', not the thing doing the holding, so it needs the passive. Since it's about next month, it combines with future tense: 'will be held'. 'Will hold' is active, which would mean the sessions hold something themselves — unnatural. 'Have held' is active present perfect, and 'holding' is a participle that can't stand alone as the main verb.
Q2. The Brookhaven museum ___ by more than a million people every year.
答えと解説を見る
正解: D) is visited
The museum receives the action, so the present passive is used.
Q3. The tenders ___ by an independent panel last month.
答えと解説を見る
正解: D) were assessed
The tenders receive the action, so the past passive is used.
Q4. The annual report ___ by the finance team every January.
答えと解説を見る
正解: D) is prepared
The report doesn't prepare itself -- the passive 'is prepared' is needed.
Q5. The clinic's new scheduling system ___ by the administrative staff every morning.
答えと解説を見る
正解: D) is reviewed
The system doesn't review itself -- the passive 'is reviewed' is needed.
Q6. The revised drawings ___ to the contractor last Friday.
答えと解説を見る
正解: D) were issued
The drawings receive the action, so the past passive is used.
Q7. The updated safety manual ___ to every employee last week.
答えと解説を見る
正解: D) was sent
The manual receives the action, so the past passive is used.
Q8. The Kingsley Hotel ___ by a famous architect in 1925.
答えと解説を見る
正解: D) was designed
The hotel receives the action, so the past passive is used.
Q9. The Northgate station ___ last year.
答えと解説を見る
正解: D) was renovated
The station receives the action, so the past passive is used.
Q10. All new employees ___ to attend an orientation session.
答えと解説を見る
正解: D) are required
Employees receive the requirement, so the passive is used.