🔗 前置詞 ・ リン
TOEIC Part5文法問題 リン: Q20（前置詞）
The renovation will be completed ___ the end of September.
The renovation will be completed ___ the end of September.
答えを見る
正解: B) by
The meaning is 'complete by the end of September', a deadline, so 'by' is correct. 'Until' means 'up to and continuing until' and expresses ongoing state, which doesn't fit well with a completion verb like 'complete'. 'Since' and 'from' both mark starting points. The contrast is: 'by' = completion, 'until' = continuation.