🌀 分詞 ・ アオイ
TOEIC Part5文法問題 アオイ: Q56（分詞）
All applicants are required to submit ___ references from previous employers.
All applicants are required to submit ___ references from previous employers.
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正解: B) written
The blank modifies the noun 'references'. Since it means 'documents that have been written' (passive), the past participle 'written' is correct. 'Written references' is a set combination meaning 'written recommendation letters'. 'Writing' is a present participle with an active meaning, which would wrongly imply the references are 'writing' something themselves.